Double twist spindle



Oct. 11, 1949. J. K. COCHRAN DOUBLE TWIST SPINDLE Filed Jan. 13. 1948llrll'll l'nlllll INVENTOR. By John A. Cochran A7 TORIVEYJ Patented Oct.11, 1949 DOUBLE TWIST SPINDLE John Kermit Cochran, Conyngham, Pa.,assig'nor to The Duplan Corporation, Hazleton, Pa.,' a

corporation of Delaware Application January 13, 1948 Serial N 0. 1,975

Claims. 1

This invention relates to a double twist spindle for textile yarns, socalled, because two turns of twist are inserted in the yarn for eachrevolution of the spindle. v

In the apparatus used in spinning or twisting textile yarns, a supplypackage or spool of yarn may be supported by a spindle which rotates ata rapid speed within the package carrier while the carrier and packageitself remain comparatively stationary. The yarn from the supply packageis fed through a longitudinal bore or passage in the spindle in anover-end relation, entering the spindle at the top of the longitudinalbore and being delivered from the spindle by a transverse passage at apoint-just above the whorl part of the spindle. The yarn then normallypasses around a storage ring and upwardly over a thread guide to arotating take-up spool. The initial twist of the yarn is inserted withinthe longitudinal bore of the spindle, that is, between the supplypackage and the transverse yarn delivery point of the spindle.Additional twist is inserted after .the yarn leaves the spindle andbefore it reaches the take-up spool.

In the past, a commonly used construction of double twist spindle hascomprised a shank or blade portion made up of more thanv one piece sothat each of the internal pas-sages or bores could be polished to obtaina smooth surface over which the yarn might pass. This smooth surface isnecessary in order to avoid excessive abrasion of the textile yarn. Theblade portions after being fini-shed'and polished are normally fittedtogether and the entire blade structure then fitted to a whorl portion,and yarn storage disc completing the rotating part of the spindle. Sucha construction is complicated and expensive, and diflicult to assembleconcentrically and in balance.

Therefore, it is an object of this invention to provide a new andimproved construction for a double twist spindle which will be strongerand be nearly concentric.

It is another object of this invention to provide a double twist spindlein which the blade portion is made of one piece.

It is another object of the invention to provide a double twist spindlehaving a construction which will provide a smooth passage for thetextile yarn without the necessity of polishing the internal bore orpassage in the spindle shank.

It is among the objects of this invention to provide easily replaceablepins at points of maximum wear, thus making it unnecessary to refinishor replace the spindle blade when through use these points become worn;to provide pins which are rotatable so as to present greater wearingsurface to the yarn; to provide pins which may readily be formed toprovide a guide for the yarn.

Further objects will be apparent to those skilled in the art after-astudy of the following description, claims and drawings, in which-Figure 1 is aside elevation of a double twist spindle constructed inaccordance with this invention;

Figure 2 is a cross sectional view through 2-2 of Figure 1 with a yarnstorage disc in place;

Figure 3 is an enlarged view of a modified form of pin;

Figure 4 isan enlarged viewof another modified form of pin; and

Figure 5 is a modification showing the use of the pin of Figure 4 in thespindle.

In accordance with this invention, the double twist spindle blade may beconstructed of one piece, namely, a one piece blade or shank portion.Such a one piece blade portion has not been made heretofore since it isnot feasible with present known manufacturing facilities to provide apolished internal surface or hollow bore which extends longitudinallythrough the blade of the spindle and transversely out. In accordancewith this invention the longitudinal bore may be drilled but thenecessity of internal polishing is avoided by the placement of smoothpins extending transversely of the blade at the points at which yarnchanges direction in the internal passages of the blade. These pins, soplaced, provide the necessary smooth passage for the textile yarn andare easily replaceable when worn and which can be made of syntheticsapphire, carboloy or other Wear resistant material. Such pins mayeasily be replaced if they become worn and also can be formed to provideguides for the yarn. Further the pins may be rotatable, so as to presentto the yarn a greater wearing surface.

The structure in accordance with this invention may be seen by referringcarefully to Figure 2 in which th re is illustrated a spindle generallyindicated bythe character I I having a blade portion l2 and a whorlportion l3. As may be seen, the blade portion I2 is constructed of onepiece and has, an internal bore or passage '4 drilled longitudinallyfrom the top. At a point on the blade, near the yarn storage disc 22 andabove the whorl I3, the passage turns at an angle, so as to lead to theoutside of the spindle blade.

For commercial reasons it is desirable that two transverse passages beprovided at this point,

providing two outlets which are diametrically opposite. This isdesirable for balance and in order that one of the passages may be moreconveniently positioned when the spindle is initially threaded. The twotransverse passages are indicated at l and I 6, Figure 2.

The whorl portion, which may be separately machined, is fitted to theblade portion as indicated. Two diametrically opposite slots l9 and maybe provided in the upper shoulder of the whorl portion so as to bealigned with the respective passages l5 and It provided in the bladeand-illustrated, the blade portion l2 may be portion H. In this way, twodiametrically opposite openings are provided in the spindle providingoutlets for the textile yarn.

The intersection of the transverse outlets l5 and IS with thelongitudinal passage 14 will'form' contact points over whichthetextileiyarnwill be drawn as it passes through the spindle duringoperation. Unless smooth, the surface of the machined and the centerhole drilled simultaneously. [After this operation, the blade may beground to the desired dimensions and the small cross holes for thepinsdrilled either before or after the heat treatment. The internalholes or bores in the spindle may be'cleaned by a rotating hand tool, asandblast or by pumping an abrasive contact point would, of course,"cause abrasion of the yarn. .In accordance with this' inventionj', smallcross holes are boredtransversely,through the shank or blade I! atpoints corresponding to the intersection of the openings I5 and I6 withlongitudinal bore It. Through these small transverse or crossholes,small smooth finished pins I! may be inserted. As may be seen, byreferring carefully to Figure 2, these pins H arelocated at the contactpoints in such a way that theside of the pin will project into theopening'atlthe solution through the bore to carry away any burrs orchipsthat might remain. The whorlportionmay be separately machined andfitted onto"theblade,- However, the machinintersection of the bore l4and passages l5 and l6. Since these pins have a smooth finish or surfacethey provide a smooth and easily renewable surface over which the yarnmay pass.

In the preferred embodiment these pins may be of synthetic sapphire. Inorder that the smooth finish may not be roughened in any way in thecourse of constructing the spindle it is preferred that the pins be ofslightly less diam eter than the holes in which they are inserted. Whilesynthetic sapphire has been. suggested as a preferred form it is obviousthat these pins could be of steel or other material having a smoothsurface to act as a suitable guide or passage for the yarn.

Since the pins are straight, the drilling of the cross holestransversely of the spindle blade is a relatively simple matter. In theparticular construction shown in the drawings, four pins have beenprovided for additional wearing surface and to prevent abrasionwhen'either-passage I5 or passage 16 is used. Two of the pins have beenprovided at opposite sides representing the respective intersections ofthe passages 15 and IS with the longitudinal bore it. Two additionalpins are provided near the outer end representing the intersection ofthe passages l5 and [6 with the outer wall of the blade l2 since it isobvious that other contact points over which theyarn will pass willresult at the points indicated. The additional pins indicated at l8 and[8' are installed in the same way as described above in connection withpins l1 and I1. From the practical standpoint, it is preferred that theupper edge of the openings [5 and I6 be drilled normal to the axis ofthe longitudinal bore M in order ing of the whorl may take place afterit has been fitted on the-blade. Also, as willbe recognized by thoseskilled in the art, the blade portion of the spindle. may be drilledafter the whorl has been fittedon the-blade, if desired. In accordancewith the construction, the steps in machining and drilling the spindlemay take place in any desired order in accordance with any desiredpractice in {the industry.

The pins l1 and I8 may be held in place in their respective cross holesby the yarn storage disc which is normally provided. As may be seen inthe drawings, the yarn storage disc 22 is fitted aboutthe spindle bladeso as to cover the ends of the openings in which are inserted the pinsIT and I8 over which'the yarn runs as it passes through openings I5 or"5 to that portion of the yarn storage disc 22 indicated at 2|.

-Whi1e the yarn storage disc may conveniently be used to seal the openends of the pin holes, it will be apparent that other means may be usedto retain the pins in position such as, for instance, peening the end ofthe hole.

It will be recognized that with this construction, the pins may readilybe replaced if they become worn through use. It is a relatively simplematter to replace worn pins and retain the original spindle. Thus, aspindle may last for a long period of time as compared to the formerpractice in which it was necessary to replace the entire spindle whenthe internal passage thereof became unduly worn.

As pointed out previously, there is a slight clearance between the pinand the hole in which it is inserted. Thus since the pin is relativelyloosely mounted, it is rotatably in position. This has the distinctadvantage of offering a greater wearing surface decreasing the amount ofwear on any particular point due to the yarn.

The pins l1 and I8 may have a cylindrical surface over which the yarnmay pass. However, it

.will be recognizedthat if desired, the pins may be formed to present ayarn guide. Such a pin is illustrated iniFlgure 3, in which thecylindrical surface has an annular groove 23 therein. It will beapparent that the particular form of pin is for illustrative purposesonly, and that 7 other forms may be used if desired. Also multiplegrooves maybe provided.

Another form of pin which may be used is illustrated in Figure 4. Thepin 24 shown, in Figure 4 may be offslightly greater diameter smoothsurface.

than the internal passage ll of the spindle shank l2. A transverseopening 25 is provided for the pin 24. This opening 25 may be polishedto a The pin 24 is inserted transversely in the spindle shank [2 at theintersection of the opening it with the transverse openings l5 and it.This is illustrated in Figure 5 showing only that particular portion ofthe spindle. The remainder of the spindle is the same as illustrated inFigure 2. In this position the opening 25 will be in alignment with thelongitudinal opening it of the spindle shank I2. The polished sides ofthe opening 25 in pin 24 provide the bearing surface for the yarn.

Thus, it will be apparent that there is provided a spindle having a onepiece blade portion and a longitudinal bore having a smooth passage forthe textile yarn without the necessity of polishing the internal bore. Asmooth easily renewable surface is provided by pins at points of contactindicated at H, II and i8, I8 to the yarn as it passes through thespindle. It will be apparent that the additional pins may be inserted atother points in the spindle if necessary or desirable.

While a preferred embodiment of the invention has been illustrated anddescribed, it will be apparent that various modifications are possiblewithout departing from the scope of the.

invention.

What is claimed is:

1. A double twist spindle for textile yarns having a shank portionhaving an internal longitudinal passage and a transverse hole thereinand a smooth finished elongated pin supported in said transverse holeand having the side thereof projecting into said internal passage.

2. The combination according to claim 1 in which the pin is replaceable.

3. The combination according to claim 1 in which the pin is rotatable.

4. The combination according to claim 1 which has a grooved surface as ayarn guide.

5. A double twist spindle for textile yarns comprising a shank portionand a whorl portion, said shank portion having a longitudinal bore andtransverse holes therein and an outlet passage and having smoothsurfaced elongated pins mounted in said transverse holes, the sidesurface of said Din-s projecting into said bore and said outlet passage.

6. A double twist spindle for textile yarns comprising a shank portionand a whorl portion, said shank portion having a longitudinal boretherein, an outlet passage, a transverse hole at the intersection ofsaid bore and said outlet passage and an elongated smooth surfaced pinin said transverse hole with a side surface thereof projecting into saidpassage at said intersection, the ends of said hole being closed toretain said pin in position.

7. A double twist spindle for textile yarns comprising a shank portionand a whorl portion, said shank portion being constructed of one pieceand having a longitudinal bore therethrough and an outlet, and a smoothsurfaced pin inserted in a hole in said shank transversely thereof withthe side surface of said pin projecting into said bore.

8. A double twist spindle for textile yarns having a shank portion withan internal passage therein, and a smooth finished pin inserted in asmall transverse hole in said shank with the side surface thereofprojecting into said internal passage and means for covering the end ofsaid transverse hole.

9. A double twist spindle for textile yarns having a shank portion and awhorl portion, said shank portion having a longitudinal bore and atransverse outlet passage, and small cross holes extending transverselythrough said shank portion along the side of said bore, smooth finishedpins inserted in said holes with the sides thereof projecting into saidbore and means for retaining said pins in said holes.

10. A double twist spindle for textile yarns having a shank portion withan integral passage therein, and a smooth finished pin inserted in atransverse hole in said shank, said pin having a transverse openingtherethrough in alignment with said internal passage.

JOHN KERMIT COCHRAN.

REFERENCES CITED FOREIGN PATENTS Country Date Great Britain Jan. 30,1930 Number

